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Roulette is a casino game appeared firstly in France in 18th century. The present roulette game developed from the Paris version game before 1796 as the roulette wheel was introduced in a French novel La Roulette, ou le Jour by Jaques Lablee in 1796.
The roulette game spread from Europe to the U.S.A (from Mississippi to New Orleans and then Las Vegas in 1970s) in the 1800s and became the "King of Casino Games". Nowadays, it is also the most popular gambling game at online casinos.
The European style roulette table layout has a single zero and marked in the order of 0-32-15-19-4-21-2-25-17-34-6-27-13-36-11-30-8-23-10-5-24-16-33-1-20-14-31-9-22-18-29-7-28-12-35-3-26 in the clockwise direction of the wheel circle. On the French style roulette table the wheel is normally in the centre and a layout on either side.
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When playing the game, a croupier spins first a wheel in one direction and then spins a ball in the opposite direction in a tilted circular track running around the circumference of the roulette wheel. When the ball loses momentum, it will fall into one of 37 (in European roulette, also known as French roulette as the game is originated from France in 18th century) or 38 (in American roulette) colored and numbered pockets (cells) on the wheel. Before the spinning, players can place bets on a single number, a group of numbers, the red/black color, smaller/larger numbers, or odd/even numbers. The winning odds and payouts are different for different betting options based on their probabilities.
Bet odds table
The European roulette payout can be calculated by the equation: payout = (36 − n) / n, where n is the number of squares the player is betting on.
| Bet Name | Place Chips | Bets | Payouts | Odds against winning |
| 0 | 0 | single | 35 to 1 | 37 to 1 |
| Straight up | chips placed in the middle of a number square | singel bet | 35 to 1 | 37 to 1 |
| Split | betting chips placed on the line between the chosen 2 numbers | line bet | 17 to 1 | 19 to 1 |
| Street | a bet on three numbers of a single edge line | street bet | 11 to 1 | 11.667 to 1 |
| Corner | a bet on the horizontal and vertical intersection of the lines between the 4 numbers | corner bet | 8 to 1 | 8.5 to 1 |
| Six Line | Also known as Double Street: a bet on 2 adjoining streets, with chips placed at the corresponding intersection | inside bets | 5 to 1 | 5.33 to 1 |
| 1st Column | 1, 4, 7, 10, 13, 16, 19, 22, 25, 28, 31, 34 | column Bet | 2 to 1 | 2.167 to 1 |
| 2nd Column | 2, 5, 8, 11, 14, 17, 20, 23, 26, 29, 32, 35 | column Bet | 2 to 1 | 2.167 to 1 |
| 3rd Column | 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 27, 30, 33, 36 | column Bet | 2 to 1 | 2.167 to 1 |
| 1st Dozen | Bet on the first 12 numbers (1, 2, …, 12) | outside Bets | 2 to 1 | 2.167 to 1 |
| 2nd Dozen | Bet on the second 12 numbers (13, 14, …, 24) | outside Bets | 2 to 1 | 2.167 to 1 |
| 3rd Dozen | Bet on the third 12 numbers (25, 26, …, 36) | outside Bets | 2 to 1 | 2.167 to 1 |
| Odd | Bet on odd numbers (1, 3, 5, ..., 35) | odd number bet | 1 to 1 | 1.111 to 1 |
| Even | Bet on even numbers (2, 4, 6, ..., 36) | even number bet | 1 to 1 | 1.111 to 1 |
| Red | Bet on numbers in red pockets (1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 12, 14, 16, 18, 19, 21, 23, 25, 27, 30, 32, 34, 36) | outside bet | 1 to 1 | 1.111 to 1 |
| Black | Bet on numbers in black pockets (2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 11, 13, 15, 17, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 29, 31, 33, 35) | outside bet | 1 to 1 | 1.111 to 1 |
| 1 to 18 | bet on the first low eighteen numbers | small number bet | 1 to 1 | 1.111 to 1 |
| 19 to 36 | bet on the last high eighteen numbers | larget number bet | 1 to 1 | 1.111 to 1 |
House edge
The house average or house edge (also called the expected value) is the amount the player loses relative for any bet made, on average.
Betting strategies and tactics
The most commonly used strategy in roulette gaming is that a lot of roulette players attempt to beat the game by doubling the bet after every loss, so that the first win will recover all previous losses, plus win a profit equal to the original bet. The problem with this strategy is that, doubling and redoubling bets result in either running out of chips (money) or hits the table limit. Theoreticaly one time betting has no relationship with the next because each spin of the wheel and ball is a single action.
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